Knowledge And Utilization Of Modern Family Planning Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Nasarawa Southern Senatorial Zone

Abstract

Access to accurate and contextually appropriate information on modern family planning (FP) remains a critical determinant of reproductive decision-making among women of reproductive age. This study examined the extent to which awareness influences the utilisation of modern family planning methods among women aged 15-49 years in the Nasarawa Southern Senatorial Zone, Nigeria. A mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative survey data with qualitative insights from key informant interviews to ensure triangulation and contextual depth. A total of 1,067 respondents were selected through a multistage sampling procedure covering all five Local Government Areas in the zone. Quantitative data were collected using structured questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained through key informant interviews with relevant reproductive health stakeholders. Findings indicate that awareness of modern family planning methods in the study area is moderate, with 46.6% of respondents demonstrating adequate awareness. Although approximately fifteen modern contraceptive options exist, respondents were familiar with only eight key methods, including emergency contraceptive pills, combined oral contraceptives, vaginal rings, injectables, implants, intrauterine devices (IUDs), lactational amenorrhoea method and female sterilisation. Statistical analysis confirms that awareness significantly influences utilisation across most contraceptive methods, indicating that awareness-knowledge is a significant predictor of use, though its effect is method-dependent. Despite this relationship, utilisation remains concentrated in only two methods, injectables and implants, suggesting that awareness does not translate uniformly into diversified contraceptive practice. The study concludes that while awareness exerts a statistically significant influence on utilisation, it is not independently sufficient to ensure comprehensive or optimal use of modern family planning methods. Structural, cultural and service delivery barriers continue to mediate the awareness-behaviour pathway, limiting method choice and uptake. The study recommends strengthened and culturally responsive health communication strategies across healthcare facilities, community platforms and mass media, with emphasis on local language delivery, community theatre and participatory outreach approaches. Improved provider-client counselling and expanded access to a wider range of contraceptive options are essential to reducing unmet family planning needs and enhancing informed reproductive autonomy.